Last data update: May 06, 2024. (Total: 46732 publications since 2009)
Records 1-5 (of 5 Records) |
Query Trace: Abid T[original query] |
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Immunogenicity of novel oral poliovirus vaccine type 2 administered concomitantly with bivalent oral poliovirus vaccine: an open-label, non-inferiority, randomised, controlled trial
Wilkinson AL , Zaman K , Hoque M , Estivariz CF , Burns CC , Konopka-Anstadt JL , Mainou BA , Kovacs SD , An Q , Lickness JS , Yunus M , Snider CJ , Zhang Y , Coffee E , Abid T , Wassilak SGF , Pallansch MA , Oberste MS , Vertefeuille JF , Anand A . Lancet Infect Dis 2023 23 (9) 1062-1071 BACKGROUND: Novel oral poliovirus vaccine type 2 (nOPV2) was developed by modifying the Sabin strain to increase genetic stability and reduce risk of seeding new circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 outbreaks. Bivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (bOPV; containing Sabin types 1 and 3) is the vaccine of choice for type 1 and type 3 outbreak responses. We aimed to assess immunological interference between nOPV2 and bOPV when administered concomitantly. METHODS: We conducted an open-label, non-inferiority, randomised, controlled trial at two clinical trial sites in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Healthy infants aged 6 weeks were randomly assigned (1:1:1) using block randomisation, stratified by site, to receive nOPV2 only, nOPV2 plus bOPV, or bOPV only, at the ages of 6 weeks, 10 weeks, and 14 weeks. Eligibility criteria included singleton and full term (≥37 weeks' gestation) birth and parents intending to remain in the study area for the duration of study follow-up activities. Poliovirus neutralising antibody titres were measured at the ages of 6 weeks, 10 weeks, 14 weeks, and 18 weeks. The primary outcome was cumulative immune response for all three poliovirus types at the age of 14 weeks (after two doses) and was assessed in the modified intention-to-treat population, which was restricted to participants with adequate blood specimens from all study visits. Safety was assessed in all participants who received at least one dose of study product. A non-inferiority margin of 10% was used to compare single and concomitant administration. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04579510. FINDINGS: Between Feb 8 and Sept 26, 2021, 736 participants (244 in the nOPV2 only group, 246 in the nOPV2 plus bOPV group, and 246 in the bOPV only group) were enrolled and included in the modified intention-to-treat analysis. After two doses, 209 (86%; 95% CI 81-90) participants in the nOPV2 only group and 159 (65%; 58-70) participants in the nOPV2 plus bOPV group had a type 2 poliovirus immune response; 227 (92%; 88-95) participants in the nOPV2 plus bOPV group and 229 (93%; 89-96) participants in the bOPV only group had a type 1 response; and 216 (88%; 83-91) participants in the nOPV2 plus bOPV group and 212 (86%; 81-90) participants in the bOPV only group had a type 3 response. Co-administration was non-inferior to single administration for types 1 and 3, but not for type 2. There were 15 serious adverse events (including three deaths, one in each group, all attributable to sudden infant death syndrome); none were attributed to vaccination. INTERPRETATION: Co-administration of nOPV2 and bOPV interfered with immunogenicity for poliovirus type 2, but not for types 1 and 3. The blunted nOPV2 immunogenicity we observed would be a major drawback of using co-administration as a vaccination strategy. FUNDING: The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. |
The public health legacy of polio eradication in Africa
Craig AS , Haydarov R , O'Malley H , Galway M , Dao H , Ngongo N , Baranyikwa MT , Naqvi S , Abid NS , Pandak C , Edwards A . J Infect Dis 2017 216 S343-S350 The legacy of polio in Africa goes far beyond the tragedies of millions of children with permanent paralysis. It has a positive side, which includes the many well-trained polio staff who have vaccinated children, conducted surveillance, tested stool specimens in the laboratories, engaged with communities, and taken care of polio patients. This legacy also includes support for routine immunization services and vaccine introductions and campaigns for other diseases. As polio funding declines, it is time to take stock of the resources made available with polio funding in Africa and begin to find ways to keep some of the talented staff, infrastructure, and systems in place to work on new public health challenges. The partnerships that helped support polio eradication will need to consider funding to maintain and to strengthen routine immunization services and other maternal, neonatal, and child health programs in Africa that have benefitted from the polio eradication infrastructure. |
Progress and peril: poliomyelitis eradication efforts in Pakistan, 1994-2013
Alexander JP Jr , Zubair M , Khan M , Abid N , Durry E . J Infect Dis 2014 210 Suppl 1 S152-61 Pakistan is one of 3 countries where transmission of indigenous wild poliovirus (WPV) has never been interrupted. Numbers of confirmed polio cases have declined by >90% from preeradication levels, although outbreaks occurred during 2008-2013. During 2012 and 2013, 58 and 93 WPV cases, respectively, were reported, almost all of which were due to WPV type 1. Of the 151 WPV cases reported during 2012-2013, 123 (81%) occurred in the conflict-affected Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) and in security-compromised Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. WPV type 3 was isolated from only 3 persons with polio in a single district in 2012. During August 2012-December 2013, 62 circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 cases were detected, including 40 cases (65%) identified in the FATA during 2013. Approximately 350 000 children in certain districts of the FATA have not received polio vaccine during supplementary immunization activities (SIAs) conducted since mid-2012, because local authorities have banned polio vaccination. In other areas of Pakistan, SIAs have been compromised by attacks targeting polio workers, which started in mid-2012. Further efforts to reach children in conflict-affected and security-compromised areas will be necessary to prevent reintroduction of WPV into other areas of Pakistan and other parts of the world. |
Low pathogenic avian influenza A (H7N2) virus infection in immunocompromised adult, New York, USA, 2003
Ostrowsky B , Huang A , Terry W , Anton D , Brunagel B , Traynor L , Abid S , Johnson G , Kacica M , Katz J , Edwards L , Lindstrom S , Klimov A , Uyeki TM . Emerg Infect Dis 2012 18 (7) 1128-31 In 2003, infection with low pathogenic avian influenza A (H7N2) virus was identified in an immunocompromised man with fever and community-acquired pneumonia in New York, USA. The patient recovered. Although the source of the virus was not identified, this case indicates the usefulness of virus culture for detecting novel influenza A viruses. |
Antigenic and genetic characteristics of swine-origin 2009 A(H1N1) influenza viruses circulating in humans
Garten RJ , Davis CT , Russell CA , Shu B , Lindstrom S , Balish A , Sessions WM , Xu X , Skepner E , Deyde V , Okomo-Adhiambo M , Gubareva L , Barnes J , Smith CB , Emery SL , Hillman MJ , Rivailler P , Smagala J , de Graaf M , Burke DF , Fouchier RA , Pappas C , Alpuche-Aranda CM , Lopez-Gatell H , Olivera H , Lopez I , Myers CA , Faix D , Blair PJ , Yu C , Keene KM , Dotson PD Jr , Boxrud D , Sambol AR , Abid SH , St George K , Bannerman T , Moore AL , Stringer DJ , Blevins P , Demmler-Harrison GJ , Ginsberg M , Kriner P , Waterman S , Smole S , Guevara HF , Belongia EA , Clark PA , Beatrice ST , Donis R , Katz J , Finelli L , Bridges CB , Shaw M , Jernigan DB , Uyeki TM , Smith DJ , Klimov AI , Cox NJ . Science 2009 325 (5937) 197-201 Since its identification in April 2009, an A(H1N1) virus containing a unique combination of gene segments from both North American and Eurasian swine lineages has continued to circulate in humans. The lack of similarity between the 2009 A(H1N1) virus and its nearest relatives indicates that its gene segments have been circulating undetected for an extended period. Its low genetic diversity suggests that the introduction into humans was a single event or multiple events of similar viruses. Molecular markers predictive of adaptation to humans are not currently present in 2009 A(H1N1) viruses, suggesting that previously unrecognized molecular determinants could be responsible for the transmission among humans. Antigenically the viruses are homogeneous and similar to North American swine A(H1N1) viruses but distinct from seasonal human A(H1N1). |
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